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What are nootropics? -

Nootropics originally referred to chemicals but now refer to any natural or synthetic substance that may positively impact cognition.

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How do nootropics work? -

Nootropics enhance neurotransmitter production and improve blood flow to the brain, which increases nutrients and oxygen in the brain cells and, therefore, supports their function.

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How do nootropics work? -

Nootropics are believed to decrease the damage caused by free radicals in the brain cells, they help modulate brain waves, and they promote neuroplasticity, increasing the brain's ability to form new connections.

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Types: Prescription -

Prescription nootropics treat medical or mental health conditions such as ADHD and dementia. Adderall and Ritalin are often prescribed for ADHD, while Memantine is prescribed to reduce Alzheimer's disease symptoms.

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Types: Modafinil -

Modafinil is another type of prescription nootropic that is used to treat narcolepsy but may also help with learning and memory. Modafinil is a non-amphetamine stimulant that is thought to be safer than Adderall and Ritalin.

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Types: Synthetic compounds -

Synthetic compounds like racetams are used to boost brain function and may help reduce dyslexic symptoms and protect against myoclonic seizures.

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Types: Caffeine -

Caffeine, a natural substance, is considered a nootropic, as it increases attention and alertness.

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Types: Creatine -

While most people take creatine, an amino acid, to build strength, creatine is also believed to enhance cognitive function.

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Types: Rhodiola -

Rhodiola is a plant native to Europe and Asia. It has been historically used to treat fatigue, stress, and anxiety. It is also used to help improve memory, learning, and brain function.

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Types: L-theanine -

L-theanine is an amino acid found in tea leaves that boosts alertness and brain performance. Shade-grown matcha is particularly high in L-theanine.

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Types: Ginkgo biloba -

Ginkgo biloba leaves are native to China, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan. This herbal supplement is said to enhance cognition and improve dementia symptoms.

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Types: Omega-3 fatty acid -

Omega-3 fatty acids are polyunsaturated fats in fish such as salmon, ground flaxseed, walnuts, and chia seeds. Omega-3 fatty acids may support brain function and cognitive performance.

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Increased creativity -

Research shows that L-theanine increases alpha waves in the brain, and greater alpha wave activity is associated with increased creativity.

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Better memory and learning -

Piracetam, the first synthesized nootropic, can improve working memory, and creatine can influence short-term memory.

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Improved attention and concentration -

Some people take nootropics to better their concentration and attention. Those with ADHD are often prescribed stimulants like Adderall to improve focus.

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Misuse of prescription nootropics -

Research suggests that up to 20% of college students ingest prescription stimulants that are not prescribed to them, to be able to study for longer periods.

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Impact of nootropics -

Some studies have shown that rhodiola may help protect the brain from neurodegenerative conditions.

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Research -

While some studies have shown substances benefit people with certain health conditions, more research is needed. It is also less clear how nootropics impact healthy adults.

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Talk to your doctor -

If you are considering taking prescription medication or dietary supplements, speak with your doctor beforehand. Your doctor can provide information on what to expect and any potential side effects.

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Tell your doctor about other medications or substances -

Tell your doctor if you are taking other medications, supplements, or over-the-counter drugs before taking nootropics, as they may interact with the other substances.

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Mental health conditions -

Nootropics may affect those with mental health conditions differently and could even worsen your symptoms.

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Follow the directions -

Only take the recommended dose indicated on the product's packaging or that recommended by your doctor.

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Stacking -

Some nootropics work better when taken together. For example, L-theanine is most effective when combined with caffeine.

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Cycle nootropic use -

Take breaks from using nootropics to avoid tolerance and dependence. Cycling your use will ensure the effectiveness of the nootropics remains consistent.

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Keep expectations realistic -

While evidence shows nootropics can have a positive effect, they may not work for everyone, so it's important to have realistic expectations.

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Mixed research -

Some of the research on nootropics has produced mixed results. For example, while omega-3 fatty acids support brain function, studies have shown healthy adults don't experience significant cognitive benefits.

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Side effects -

Whether you're taking a prescription medication or a natural supplement, there is always a possibility of experiencing side effects. Ritalin and Adderall, for example, can cause sleep disturbances.

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Side effects -

Even natural supplements, like omega-3, can cause symptoms such as heartburn, upset stomach, and headaches.

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Exercise -

Exercise is a proven, safe, and effective way to boost brain function. Evidence suggests regular exercise improves memory and reduces age-related cognitive decline.

Sources: (Verywell Mind) (Healthline) (Time)

See also: Daily habits that might be harming your brain

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