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Siphonic toilets can clog more easily due to their smaller trapway. Even a small amount of extra toilet paper can cause them to overflow.
American toilets typically have a higher water level than European ones. To flush effectively, they need at least 1.6 gallons (6 liters) of water. Older models used even more, ranging from five to seven gallons (19-26.5 liters) per flush.
While European toilets are smaller, optimizing space, they may offer less comfort during use.
The US and the United Kingdom use the siphonic toilet, which relates to its drainage system. American toilets feature a long, narrow P- or S-shaped pipe called a trapway. When you flush, it creates a siphon that pulls waste into the drainage system.
In France, the drainage hole is typically positioned towards the back of the bowl, meaning residue disappears quickly. Žižek likens this to the guillotine, symbolizing the French penchant for swift and decisive action.
The lower water usage and water level in European toilets result in a smaller toilet plume, reducing the spread of fecal matter. This can also help minimize splashback.
German toilets traditionally feature a front-facing drainage hole and a flat surface in the bowl. This design allows for the examination of one's own waste, to help identify potential health issues. Žižek draws a parallel between this practice and the more conservative, reflective nature of Germans, who view facing their own waste as a logical and responsible act.
European toilets use a washdown system. When flushed, the water's weight and force, helped by gravity, push waste into the trapway.
Most European toilets have dual-flush systems, allowing for a smaller or larger water release depending on the waste type.
American toilets are usually bigger than European ones. This makes them more comfortable, and that comes as a big plus to people who like to take their time on the toilet.
The high water level in American toilets can sometimes lead to splashback. To prevent this, many people add a piece of toilet paper to the water before use. However, adding too much can cause clogs, as mentioned earlier.
Another reason for the additional water use in US toilets is that waste is practically always covered, insulating unpleasant smells and ensuring that the toilet self-cleans better during every flush.
What makes an American toilet distinctly American? Let’s flush out why American toilets might lead to unexpected surprises for European visitors, and vice versa.
While comfortable and practical, American toilets have some drawbacks.
The lower water level in washdown toilets can sometimes lead to unpleasant odors, as the waste is more exposed to air compared to siphonic toilets.
American toilets' high water usage can create a larger plume of microscopic fecal matter particles, spreading them around the bathroom.
Now, let's explore the unique features of European toilets and what surprises they might hold for American visitors.
Since European washdown toilets don't rely on a vacuum, they use less water. This dual-flush system can reduce water consumption by 30%, saving up to 4,000 gallons (15.14 liters) per year.
However, it’s not all roses in Europeans bathrooms, especially if you’re used to the American system.
Beyond design and flushing systems, some theories suggest that toilet differences reflect deeper cultural and ideological nuances.
Slovenian philosopher Slavoj Žižek argues that ideology can be found in unexpected places, including toilets. His intriguing take on the differences between Anglo-Saxonic (US and UK), French, and German toilets, links them to cultural and societal norms.
Žižek suggests that the high water level in American and British toilets reflects a pragmatic approach to problem-solving: simply "let it flow."
Historically, bidets were a symbol of luxury and hygiene, reserved for the aristocracy. However, their association with brothels during World War II led to negative perceptions in the US, hindering their widespread adoption.
A bidet is a mini-shower used for personal hygiene. It offers a hygienic and cost-effective alternative to toilet paper, but has historically been more common in European bathrooms.
Public toilets also differ in their design. American stalls typically have open bottoms, while European stalls are fully enclosed.
The lack of privacy in US stalls may be intentional. The open design can encourage quicker use, potentially benefiting employers who aim to increase workplace productivity.
Sources: (Slate) (Hunker) (Open Culture ) (Fern-tv) (Bathroom Nerd)
See also: Surprising things that are dirtier than your toilet
According to specialists, the open-bottom design of US stalls is more practical and cost-effective, especially in bathrooms with uneven surfaces or odd dimensions. It also allows for better surveillance, potentially deterring illegal activity and facilitating emergency access.
US and European public and private bathrooms also differ in terms of privacy and built-in amenities.
If you've traveled internationally or even just watched foreign films, you've probably noticed differences in toilet design. Why do US public restrooms have gaps, while European stalls are fully enclosed? And why do European toilets seem to use less water?
The principles behind flush toilets are simple, but the differences between them are profound. Some philosophers even argue that these differences reflect deeper cultural and societal nuances.
Can we truly understand a nation by its toilets? Click on to find out!
American vs. European toilets: why are they different?
Flushing out the facts
LIFESTYLE Bathroom
If you've traveled internationally or even just watched foreign films, you've probably noticed differences in toilet design. Why do US public restrooms have gaps, while European stalls are fully enclosed? And why do European toilets seem to use less water?
The principles behind flush toilets are simple, but the differences between them are profound. Some philosophers even argue that these differences reflect deeper cultural and societal nuances.
Can we truly understand a nation by its toilets? Click on to find out!